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Today, the role of computer is not limited to computing for which it was invented. It is wonderful device which can not only perform the mathematical calculation but also helps in processing, storage and retrieval of large amount of data related with logical operations. Now it becomes a vital part of our personal and professional lives. It has added great comfort and ease in our routine lives. Today, there are two types of computer which are available in the market; one is portable and second is desktop. Portable computer can be easily moved from one place to another while desktop computer is fixed and it doesn’t possess the feature of portability.

Computer is comprises of various components such as:

• Monitor
• CPU
• RAM
• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Motherboard
• Power supply
• Hard disk drive
• Video Display controller
• Computer storage
• Sound card

Monitor:

It is the computer screen that is comprises of display device, circuitry and an enclosure. In old days, the display device of the monitor is made us of a cathode ray tube but today monitor used a think film transistor liquid crystal display or TFT –LCD think panel. There are different sizes of monitor are available in the market.

CPU (Central Processing Unit):

It is also known as the brain of the computer and it is vital part of computer. As it name implies, this component has the capability to process anything from simpler to complex.

RAM (Random Access Memory)

It is built in motherboard and used for the processing and storage of data in the computer.

Keyboard:

It is an input device that is composed of alphanumeric and command keys. This typing device is used to input the information to the computer.

Mouse:

It is a pointing device that is used to control a cursor movement on the display. It has normally two buttons which are employed for performing different functions.

Motherboard:

It is one the crucial components of the computer that is consist of microprocessor, memory, drive controllers, Central Processing Unit (CPU), chipset, Random Access Memory (RAM), BIOS (Basic Input Output System) and internal buses.

Power Supply:

It is used to give the power to computer by converting direct current into alternating current and it also provides the appropriate voltages to various components of computer. Its components are power cord, switch and cooling fan.

Hard Disk Drive:

It is an important component of the computer which is a non-volatile and random access device for the digital data.

Video display controller:

It is another component of computer which is responsible for producing the output for the computer’s monitor. It is sometimes integrated with the components of motherboard or it may built in  inside the PCI, AGP in the shape of a graphics card.

Computer storage:

Compact Disc (CD), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), floppy disk and USB drive are some components of computer used for storage of data and information.

Sound card:

This component of computer controls the input and output of audio signals to and from the computer.

It seems that every day we have news of the latest developments in high speed electronic devices, all designed to make information easier and quicker to access. We now have smartphones, iPads and other tablets, and there is news of the next generation of these.

If you have a smartphone and a tablet then you will be aware of how infuriating they can be when you want to use them outdoors in bright sunlight. This could soon be a problem of the past if the new developments in this field prove reliable in their test stages. Basically there are two kinds of high speed e-devices: – one can give us a limited function and a slow speed, but doesn’t use much energy, so is the greener option (for example e-readers such as Kindle), and the other has high colour saturation and is capable of a faster speed, so is good for videos and other functions, but the latter require a lot of energy to charge. What electronics companies are attempting to do is to give us the best of both devices and this has resulted in the “zero-power” design. One problem with tablets is that they need backlighting which means that there is poor visibility as regards the screens if you are using them outdoors in direct sunlight. New technology can harness the power of the sun and room lighting to charge these devices, which will make them greener and more energy efficient.

There is also technology being developed which will allow us to roll up the tablets and put them in our pockets, making them much easier to carry around with us. The new e-sheet will be tough and durable able to withstand being left out in the rain overnight and they will only utilize wireless parts. This technology will also mean that e-readers will have full colour-saturation and be high speed, low power devices and iPad screens can be viewed in sunlight and both can be rolled up.

The new technology will give us the next generation of e-readers which will be faster than the ones on the market today and will eventually allow point and click web browsing and video on mobile devices. The new e-readers with better colour definition will be on the market this year (2011).

Panasonic have developed Any Layer Interstitial Via Hole (ALIVH) multi-layer resin circuit boards with an IVH structure in all layers. These are utilized in smartphones and play a crucial role in their functioning as they require high-speed processing of an ever-increasing number of signals.

These latest developments mean that communications will be more efficient and more rapid and these are just two of the ways we will see an improvement in the speed of communications in the near future.